大门|大门-CS-2015(第三组)|问题65

在一个房间里,只有两种类型的人,即1型和2型。第一类人总是说实话,第二类人总是撒谎。你给房间里的一个人一枚公平的硬币,却不知道他是哪一种类型的,然后告诉他扔掉它,并对你隐瞒结果,直到你提出要求。询问后,此人回复如下:

null
“The result of the toss is head if and only if I am telling the truth.” 

以下哪个选项是正确的?

(A) 结果是头部受伤 (B) 结果就是尾巴 (C) 如果这个人属于2型,那么结果就是尾巴 (D) 如果此人属于1型,则结果为tai 答复: (A) 说明:

“The result of the toss is head if and only 
 if I am telling the truth.” 


If the person is of Type 1 who always tell truth, then result must be head.

If the person is of Type 2 who always tell lie, then result must be head.

Negation of a sentence of the form "X is true if and only if Y is true" is 
"Either X is true and Y is false, or X is false and Y is true."

Refer: http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/10435/negation-of-if-and-only-if

Which means "Either toss is head and I am not telling truth, or toss is tail
and I am telling truth".

Since the person always lie, it is "Either toss is head and I am not telling truth"

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