二进制数的1和2的补码-yiteyi-C++库

给定一个二进制数作为字符串，打印其1和2的补码。

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1的补语 一个二进制数的整数是另一个二进制数，通过切换其中的所有位来获得，即将0位转换为1，将1位转换为0。

例如：

1's complement of "0111" is "1000"1's complement of "1100" is  "0011"

2的补语 一个二进制数的整数是1，加在二进制数的1的补码上。

例如：

2's complement of "0111" is  "1001"2's complement of "1100" is  "0100"

找到二的补码的另一个技巧：

第一步： 从最低有效位开始向左遍历，直到找到1。在找到1之前，位保持不变

第二步： 一旦你找到了1，让1保持原样，现在

第三步： 将所有剩余的位翻转到1中。

插图

假设我们需要找到100100的2s补码

第一步： 遍历并让钻头保持不变，直到找到1。这里x还不知道。答案=xx00-

第二步 ：你找到了1个。让它保持不变。答案=xxx100

第三步： 将所有剩余的位翻转到1中。答案=011100。

因此，100100的2s补码是011100。

建议：请在“上解决” 实践 “首先，在讨论解决方案之前。

作为补语，我们只需要翻转所有位。对于2的补语，我们首先找到1的补语。我们从LSB（最低有效位）开始遍历1的补码，并查找0。我们翻转所有1（变为0），直到找到一个0。最后，我们翻转找到的0。例如，2的“01000”补码是“11000”（注意，我们首先发现1的01000补码是10111）。如果有所有的1（在补码中），我们在字符串中添加一个额外的1。例如，2的“000”补码是“1000”（1的“000”补码是“111”）。

下面是实现。

C++

                         // C++ program to print 1's and 2's complement of                       
                         // a binary number                       
                         #include <bits/stdc++.h>                       
                         using                                     namespace                                     std;                       
           
                         // Returns '0' for '1' and '1' for '0'                       
                         char                                     flip(                                     char                                     c) {                                     return                                     (c ==                                     '0'                                     )?                                     '1'                                     :                                     '0'                                     ;}                       
           
                         // Print 1's and 2's complement of binary number                       
                         // represented by "bin"                       
                         void                                     printOneAndTwosComplement(string bin)                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     n = bin.length();                       
                                                 int                                     i;                       
           
                                                 string ones, twos;                       
                                                 ones = twos =                                     ""                                     ;                       
           
                                                 //  for ones complement flip every bit                       
                                                 for                                     (i = 0; i < n; i++)                       
                                                 ones += flip(bin[i]);                       
           
                                                 //  for two's complement go from right to left in                       
                                                 //  ones complement and if we get 1 make, we make                       
                                                 //  them 0 and keep going left when we get first                       
                                                 //  0, make that 1 and go out of loop                       
                                                 twos = ones;                       
                                                 for                                     (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (ones[i] ==                                     '1'                                     )                       
                                                 twos[i] =                                     '0'                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos[i] =                                     '1'                                     ;                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // If No break : all are 1  as in 111  or  11111;                       
                                                 // in such case, add extra 1 at beginning                       
                                                 if                                     (i == -1)                       
                                                 twos =                                     '1'                                     + twos;                       
           
           
                                                 cout <<                                     "1's complement: "                                     << ones << endl;                       
                                                 cout <<                                     "2's complement: "                                     << twos << endl;                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver program                       
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 string bin =                                     "1100"                                     ;                       
                                                 printOneAndTwosComplement(bin);                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       

JAVA

                         // Java program to print 1's and 2's complement of                       
                         // a binary number                       
           
                         class                                     GFG                       
                         {                       
           
                                                 // Returns '0' for '1' and '1' for '0'                       
                                                 static                                     char                                     flip(                                     char                                     c)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 return                                     (c ==                                     '0'                                     ) ?                                     '1'                                     :                                     '0'                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Print 1's and 2's complement of binary number                       
                                                 // represented by "bin"                       
                                                 static                                     void                                     printOneAndTwosComplement(String bin)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     n = bin.length();                       
                                                 int                                     i;                       
           
                                                 String ones =                                     ""                                     , twos =                                     ""                                     ;                       
                                                 ones = twos =                                     ""                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // for ones complement flip every bit                       
                                                 for                                     (i =                                     0                                     ; i < n; i++)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 ones += flip(bin.charAt(i));                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // for two's complement go from right to left in                       
                                                 // ones complement and if we get 1 make, we make                       
                                                 // them 0 and keep going left when we get first                       
                                                 // 0, make that 1 and go out of loop                       
                                                 twos = ones;                       
                                                 for                                     (i = n -                                     1                                     ; i >=                                     0                                     ; i--)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (ones.charAt(i) ==                                     '1'                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos = twos.substring(                                     0                                     , i) +                                     '0'                                     + twos.substring(i +                                     1                                     );                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos = twos.substring(                                     0                                     , i) +                                     '1'                                     + twos.substring(i +                                     1                                     );                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // If No break : all are 1 as in 111 or 11111;                       
                                                 // in such case, add extra 1 at beginning                       
                                                 if                                     (i == -                                     1                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos =                                     '1'                                     + twos;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 System.out.println(                                     "1's complement: "                                     + ones);;                       
                                                 System.out.println(                                     "2's complement: "                                     + twos);                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     main(String[] args)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 String bin =                                     "1100"                                     ;                       
                                                 printOneAndTwosComplement(bin);                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code contributed by Rajput-Ji                       

Python3

                         # Python3 program to print 1's and 2's                       
                         # complement of a binary number                       
           
                         # Returns '0' for '1' and '1' for '0'                       
                         def                                     flip(c):                       
                                                 return                                     '1'                                     if                                     (c                                     =                                     =                                     '0'                                     )                                     else                                     '0'                       
           
                         # Print 1's and 2's complement of                       
                         # binary number represented by "bin"                       
                         def                                     printOneAndTwosComplement(                                     bin                                     ):                       
           
                                                 n                                     =                                     len                                     (                                     bin                                     )                       
                                                 ones                                     =                                     ""                       
                                                 twos                                     =                                     ""                       
                                   
                                                 # for ones complement flip every bit                       
                                                 for                                     i                                     in                                     range                                     (n):                       
                                                 ones                                     +                                     =                                     flip(                                     bin                                     [i])                       
           
                                                 # for two's complement go from right                       
                                                 # to left in ones complement and if                       
                                                 # we get 1 make, we make them 0 and                       
                                                 # keep going left when we get first                       
                                                 # 0, make that 1 and go out of loop                       
                                                 ones                                     =                                     list                                     (ones.strip(""))                       
                                                 twos                                     =                                     list                                     (ones)                       
                                                 for                                     i                                     in                                     range                                     (n                                     -                                     1                                     ,                                     -                                     1                                     ,                                     -                                     1                                     ):                       
                                   
                                                 if                                     (ones[i]                                     =                                     =                                     '1'                                     ):                       
                                                 twos[i]                                     =                                     '0'                       
                                                 else                                     :                       
                                                 twos[i]                                     =                                     '1'                       
                                                 break                       
           
                                                 i                                     -                                     =                                     1                       
                                                 # If No break : all are 1 as in 111 or 11111                       
                                                 # in such case, add extra 1 at beginning                       
                                                 if                                     (i                                     =                                     =                                     -                                     1                                     ):                       
                                                 twos.insert(                                     0                                     ,                                     '1'                                     )                       
           
                                                 print                                     (                                     "1's complement: "                                     ,                                     *                                     ones, sep                                     =                                     "")                       
                                                 print                                     (                                     "2's complement: "                                     ,                                     *                                     twos, sep                                     =                                     "")                       
                                   
                         # Driver Code                       
                         if                                     __name__                                     =                                     =                                     '__main__'                                     :                       
                                                 bin                                     =                                     "1100"                       
                                                 printOneAndTwosComplement(                                     bin                                     .strip(""))                       
                                   
                         # This code is contributed                       
                         # by SHUBHAMSINGH10                       

C#

                         // C# program to print 1's and 2's complement of                       
                         // a binary number                       
                         using                                     System;                       
           
                         class                                     GFG                       
                         {                       
           
                                                 // Returns '0' for '1' and '1' for '0'                       
                                                 static                                     char                                     flip(                                     char                                     c)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 return                                     (c ==                                     '0'                                     ) ?                                     '1'                                     :                                     '0'                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Print 1's and 2's complement of binary number                       
                                                 // represented by "bin"                       
                                                 static                                     void                                     printOneAndTwosComplement(String bin)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     n = bin.Length;                       
                                                 int                                     i;                       
           
                                                 String ones =                                     ""                                     , twos =                                     ""                                     ;                       
                                                 ones = twos =                                     ""                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // for ones complement flip every bit                       
                                                 for                                     (i = 0; i < n; i++)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 ones += flip(bin[i]);                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // for two's complement go from right to left in                       
                                                 // ones complement and if we get 1 make, we make                       
                                                 // them 0 and keep going left when we get first                       
                                                 // 0, make that 1 and go out of loop                       
                                                 twos = ones;                       
                                                 for                                     (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (ones[i] ==                                     '1'                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos = twos.Substring(0, i) +                                     '0'                                     +                       
                                                 twos.Substring(i + 1,twos.Length-(i+1));                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos = twos.Substring(0, i) +                                     '1'                                     +                       
                                                 twos.Substring(i + 1,twos.Length-(i+1));                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // If No break : all are 1 as in 111 or 11111;                       
                                                 // in such case, add extra 1 at beginning                       
                                                 if                                     (i == -1)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos =                                     '1'                                     + twos;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 Console.WriteLine(                                     "1's complement: "                                     + ones);;                       
                                                 Console.WriteLine(                                     "2's complement: "                                     + twos);                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     Main(String[] args)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 String bin =                                     "1100"                                     ;                       
                                                 printOneAndTwosComplement(bin);                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code has been contributed by 29AjayKumar                       

Javascript

                         <script>                       
           
                         // Javascript program to print 1's and 2's complement of                       
                         // a binary number                       
           
                         // Returns '0' for '1' and '1' for '0'                       
                         function                                     flip (c) {                                     return                                     (c ==                                     '0'                                     )?                                     '1'                                     :                                     '0'                                     ;}                       
           
                         // Print 1's and 2's complement of binary number                       
                         // represented by "bin"                       
                         function                                     printOneAndTwosComplement(bin)                       
                         {                       
                                                 var                                     n = bin.length;                       
                                                 var                                     i;                       
           
                                                 var                                     ones, twos;                       
                                                 ones = twos =                                     ""                                     ;                       
           
                                                 //  for ones complement flip every bit                       
                                                 for                                     (i = 0; i < n; i++)                       
                                                 ones += flip(bin[i]);                       
           
                                                 //  for two's complement go from right to left in                       
                                                 //  ones complement and if we get 1 make, we make                       
                                                 //  them 0 and keep going left when we get first                       
                                                 //  0, make that 1 and go out of loop                       
                                                 twos = ones;                       
                                                 twos = twos.split('                                     ')                       
                                                 for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if (ones[i] == '                                     1                                     ')                       
                                                 twos[i] = '                                     0                                     ';                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 twos[i] = '                                     1                                     ';                       
                                                 break;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 twos = twos.join('                                     ')                       
                                                 // If No break : all are 1  as in 111  or  11111;                       
                                                 // in such case, add extra 1 at beginning                       
                                                 if (i == -1)                       
                                                 twos = '                                     1                                     ' + twos;                       
           
           
                                                 document.write( "1'                                     s complement: " + ones +                                     "<br>"                                     );                       
                                                 document.write(                                     "2's complement: "                                     + twos +                                     "<br>"                                     );                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver program                       
                         var                                     bin =                                     "1100"                                     ;                       
                         printOneAndTwosComplement(bin);                       
           
                         </script>                       

输出：

1's complement: 00112's complement: 0100

时间复杂性： O（n）

辅助空间： O（1）

幸亏乌特卡什·特里维迪对于上述解决方案。作为旁注，有符号的数字通常使用2的补码表示。正值按原样存储，负值以2的补码形式存储。需要一个额外的位来指示数字是正还是负。例如，字符在C中为8位。如果字符使用2的补码表示，则127按原样存储，即01111111，其中前0表示正。但是-127存储为10000001。 相关帖子： 二进制字符串2的补码的一种有效方法 如果您发现任何不正确的地方，或者您想分享有关上述主题的更多信息，请写下评论。 参考资料： http://qa.geeksforgeeks.org/6439/write-program-calculate-ones-and-twos-complement-of-number http://geeksquiz.com/whats-difference-between-1s-complement-and-2s-complement/

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