以之字形方式打印矩阵-yiteyi-C++库

给定一个由n行和m列组成的2D数组矩阵。如图所示，以之字形打印此矩阵。

null

matrix_zag-zag

例子：

Input: 1 2 34 5 67 8 9Output: 1 2 4 7 5 3 6 8 9

推荐：请尝试你的方法 {IDE} 首先，在进入解决方案之前。

C++代码的实现方法 方法很简单。只需一次迭代每个对角线元素，并根据之前的匹配更改方向。 Python3代码的实现方法 这种方法很简单。在以通常方式移动矩阵时，根据元素索引和的奇偶性，如果i和j的和分别为偶数或奇数，则在开始或结束时将该特定元素添加到列表中。按原样打印解决方案列表。

C++

                         /* C++ Program to print matrix in Zig-zag pattern*/                       
                         #include <iostream>                       
                         using                                     namespace                                     std;                       
                         #define C 3                       
           
                         // Utility function to print matrix                       
                         // in zig-zag form                       
                         void                                     zigZagMatrix(                                     int                                     arr[][C],                                     int                                     n,                                     int                                     m)                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     row = 0, col = 0;                       
           
                                                 // Boolean variable that will true if we                       
                                                 // need to increment 'row' value otherwise                       
                                                 // false- if increment 'col' value                       
                                                 bool                                     row_inc = 0;                       
           
                                                 // Print matrix of lower half zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 int                                     mn = min(m, n);                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     len = 1; len <= mn; ++len) {                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     i = 0; i < len; ++i) {                       
                                                 cout << arr[row][col] <<                                     " "                                     ;                       
           
                                                 if                                     (i + 1 == len)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
                                                 // If row_increment value is true                       
                                                 // increment row and decrement col                       
                                                 // else decrement row and increment                       
                                                 // col                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc)                       
                                                 ++row, --col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 --row, ++col;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 if                                     (len == mn)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col value according                       
                                                 // to the last increment                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc)                       
                                                 ++row, row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col, row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (row == 0) {                       
                                                 if                                     (col == m - 1)                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 row_inc = 1;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                                     {                       
                                                 if                                     (row == n - 1)                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 row_inc = 0;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Print the next half zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 int                                     MAX = max(m, n) - 1;                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     len, diag = MAX; diag > 0; --diag) {                       
           
                                                 if                                     (diag > mn)                       
                                                 len = mn;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 len = diag;                       
           
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     i = 0; i < len; ++i) {                       
                                                 cout << arr[row][col] <<                                     " "                                     ;                       
           
                                                 if                                     (i + 1 == len)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col value according                       
                                                 // to the last increment                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc)                       
                                                 ++row, --col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col, --row;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (row == 0 || col == m - 1) {                       
                                                 if                                     (col == m - 1)                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col;                       
           
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 else                                     if                                     (col == 0 || row == n - 1) {                       
                                                 if                                     (row == n - 1)                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++row;                       
           
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver code                       
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     matrix[][3] = { { 1, 2, 3 },                       
                                                 { 4, 5, 6 },                       
                                                 { 7, 8, 9 } };                       
                                                 zigZagMatrix(matrix, 3, 3);                       
           
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       

JAVA

                         /* Java Program to print matrix in Zig-zag pattern*/                       
                         class                                     GFG {                       
                                                 static                                     final                                     int                                     C =                                     3                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Utility function to print matrix                       
                                                 // in zig-zag form                       
                                                 static                                     void                                     zigZagMatrix(                                     int                                     arr[][],                                     int                                     n,                                     int                                     m) {                       
                                                 int                                     row =                                     0                                     , col =                                     0                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Boolean variable that will true if we                       
                                                 // need to increment 'row' value otherwise                       
                                                 // false- if increment 'col' value                       
                                                 boolean                                     row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Print matrix of lower half zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 int                                     mn = Math.min(m, n);                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     len =                                     1                                     ; len <= mn; ++len) {                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     i =                                     0                                     ; i < len; ++i) {                       
                                                 System.out.print(arr[row][col] +                                     " "                                     );                       
           
                                                 if                                     (i +                                     1                                     == len)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
                                                 // If row_increment value is true                       
                                                 // increment row and decrement col                       
                                                 // else decrement row and increment                       
                                                 // col                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc) {                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 --col;                       
                                                 }                                     else                                     {                       
                                                 --row;                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 if                                     (len == mn)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col value according                       
                                                 // to the last increment                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc) {                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                                     else                                     {                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (row ==                                     0                                     ) {                       
                                                 if                                     (col == m -                                     1                                     )                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                                     else                                     {                       
                                                 if                                     (row == n -                                     1                                     )                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Print the next half zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 int                                     MAX = Math.max(m, n) -                                     1                                     ;                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     len, diag = MAX; diag >                                     0                                     ; --diag) {                       
           
                                                 if                                     (diag > mn)                       
                                                 len = mn;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 len = diag;                       
           
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     i =                                     0                                     ; i < len; ++i) {                       
                                                 System.out.print(arr[row][col] +                                     " "                                     );                       
           
                                                 if                                     (i +                                     1                                     == len)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col value according                       
                                                 // to the last increment                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc) {                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 --col;                       
                                                 }                                     else                                     {                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 --row;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (row ==                                     0                                     || col == m -                                     1                                     ) {                       
                                                 if                                     (col == m -                                     1                                     )                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col;                       
           
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 else                                     if                                     (col ==                                     0                                     || row == n -                                     1                                     ) {                       
                                                 if                                     (row == n -                                     1                                     )                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++row;                       
           
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     main(String[] args) {                       
                                                 int                                     matrix[][] = {{                                     1                                     ,                                     2                                     ,                                     3                                     }, {                                     4                                     ,                                     5                                     ,                                     6                                     }, {                                     7                                     ,                                     8                                     ,                                     9                                     }};                       
                                                 zigZagMatrix(matrix,                                     3                                     ,                                     3                                     );                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
                         // This code is contributed by Anant Agarwal.                       

Python3

                         # Program to print matrix in Zig-zag pattern                       
           
                         matrix                                     =                                     [                       
                                                 [                                     1                                     ,                                     2                                     ,                                     3                                     ,],                       
                                                 [                                     4                                     ,                                     5                                     ,                                     6                                     ],                       
                                                 [                                     7                                     ,                                     8                                     ,                                     9                                     ],                       
                                                 ]                       
                         rows                                     =                                     3                       
                         columns                                     =                                     3                       
                                   
                         solution                                     =                                     [[]                                     for                                     i                                     in                                     range                                     (rows                                     +                                     columns                                     -                                     1                                     )]                       
           
                         for                                     i                                     in                                     range                                     (rows):                       
                                                 for                                     j                                     in                                     range                                     (columns):                       
                                                 sum                                     =                                     i                                     +                                     j                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     sum                                     %                                     2                                     =                                     =                                     0                                     ):                       
           
                                                 #add at beginning                       
                                                 solution[                                     sum                                     ].insert(                                     0                                     ,matrix[i][j])                       
                                                 else                                     :                       
           
                                                 #add at end of the list                       
                                                 solution[                                     sum                                     ].append(matrix[i][j])                       
                                   
                                   
                         # print the solution as it as                       
                         for                                     i                                     in                                     solution:                       
                                                 for                                     j                                     in                                     i:                       
                                                 print                                     (j,end                                     =                                     " "                                     )                       
                                   
           
                                   

C#

                         // C# Program to print matrix                       
                         // in Zig-zag pattern                       
                         using                                     System;                       
           
                         class                                     GFG {                       
                                                 static                                     int                                     C = 3;                       
           
                                                 // Utility function to print                       
                                                 // matrix in zig-zag form                       
                                                 static                                     void                                     zigZagMatrix(                                     int                                     [, ] arr,                                     int                                     n,                                     int                                     m)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     row = 0, col = 0;                       
           
                                                 // Boolean variable that will                       
                                                 // true if we need to increment                       
                                                 // 'row' valueotherwise false-                       
                                                 // if increment 'col' value                       
                                                 bool                                     row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Print matrix of lower half                       
                                                 // zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 int                                     mn = Math.Min(m, n);                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     len = 1; len <= mn; ++len) {                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     i = 0; i < len; ++i) {                       
           
                                                 Console.Write(arr[row, col] +                                     " "                                     );                       
           
                                                 if                                     (i + 1 == len)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // If row_increment value is true                       
                                                 // increment row and decrement col                       
                                                 // else decrement row and increment                       
                                                 // col                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc) {                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 --col;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                                     {                       
                                                 --row;                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 if                                     (len == mn)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col value                       
                                                 // according to the last                       
                                                 // increment                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc) {                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                                     {                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of row                       
                                                 // and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (row == 0) {                       
                                                 if                                     (col == m - 1)                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                                     {                       
                                                 if                                     (row == n - 1)                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Print the next half                       
                                                 // zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 int                                     MAX = Math.Max(m, n) - 1;                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     len, diag = MAX; diag > 0; --diag) {                       
           
                                                 if                                     (diag > mn)                       
                                                 len = mn;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 len = diag;                       
           
                                                 for                                     (                                     int                                     i = 0; i < len; ++i) {                       
                                                 Console.Write(arr[row, col] +                                     " "                                     );                       
           
                                                 if                                     (i + 1 == len)                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col value                       
                                                 // according to the last                       
                                                 // increment                       
                                                 if                                     (row_inc) {                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 --col;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                                     {                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 --row;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of                       
                                                 // row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (row == 0 || col == m - 1) {                       
                                                 if                                     (col == m - 1)                       
                                                 ++row;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++col;                       
           
                                                 row_inc =                                     true                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 else                                     if                                     (col == 0 || row == n - 1) {                       
                                                 if                                     (row == n - 1)                       
                                                 ++col;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++row;                       
           
                                                 row_inc =                                     false                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     Main()                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     [, ] matrix = { { 1, 2, 3 },                       
                                                 { 4, 5, 6 },                       
                                                 { 7, 8, 9 } };                       
                                                 zigZagMatrix(matrix, 3, 3);                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by vt_m.                       

PHP

                         <?php                       
                         // PHP Program to print                       
                         // matrix in Zig-zag pattern                       
                         $C                                     = 3;                       
           
                         // Utility function                       
                         // to print matrix                       
                         // in zig-zag form                       
                         function                                     zigZagMatrix(                                     $arr                                     ,                       
                                                 $n                                     ,                                     $m                                     )                       
                         {                       
                                                 $row                                     = 0;                                     $col                                     = 0;                       
           
                                                 // Boolean variable that                       
                                                 // will true if we need                       
                                                 // to increment 'row'                       
                                                 // value otherwise false-                       
                                                 // if increment 'col' value                       
                                                 $row_inc                                     = false;                       
           
                                                 // Print matrix of lower                       
                                                 // half zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 $mn                                     = min(                                     $m                                     ,                                     $n                                     );                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     $len                                     = 1;                       
                                                 $len                                     <=                                     $mn                                     ;                                     $len                                     ++)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     $i                                     = 0;                       
                                                 $i                                     <                                     $len                                     ;                                     $i                                     ++)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 echo                                     (                                     $arr                                     [                                     $row                                     ][                                     $col                                     ].                                     " "                                     );                       
           
                                                 if                                     (                                     $i                                     + 1 ==                                     $len                                     )                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
                                   
                                                 // If row_increment value                       
                                                 // is true increment row                       
                                                 // and decrement col else                       
                                                 // decrement row and                       
                                                 // increment col                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row_inc                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 $row                                     ++;                                     $col                                     --;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 $row                                     --;                                     $col                                     ++;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 if                                     (                                     $len                                     ==                                     $mn                                     )                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col                       
                                                 // value according                       
                                                 // to the last increment                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row_inc                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 ++                                     $row                                     ;                                     $row_inc                                     = false;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 ++                                     $col                                     ;                                     $row_inc                                     = true;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of                       
                                                 // row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row                                     == 0)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $col                                     ==                                     $m                                     - 1)                       
                                                 ++                                     $row                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++                                     $col                                     ;                       
                                                 $row_inc                                     = 1;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row                                     ==                                     $n                                     - 1)                       
                                                 ++                                     $col                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++                                     $row                                     ;                       
                                                 $row_inc                                     = 0;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Print the next half                       
                                                 // zig-zag pattern                       
                                                 $MAX                                     = max(                                     $m                                     ,                                     $n                                     ) - 1;                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     $len                                     ,                                     $diag                                     =                                     $MAX                                     ;                       
                                                 $diag                                     > 0; --                                     $diag                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $diag                                     >                                     $mn                                     )                       
                                                 $len                                     =                                     $mn                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 $len                                     =                                     $diag                                     ;                       
           
                                                 for                                     (                                     $i                                     = 0;                       
                                                 $i                                     <                                     $len                                     ; ++                                     $i                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 echo                                     (                                     $arr                                     [                                     $row                                     ][                                     $col                                     ] .                                     " "                                     );                       
           
                                                 if                                     (                                     $i                                     + 1 ==                                     $len                                     )                       
                                                 break                                     ;                       
           
                                                 // Update row or col                       
                                                 // value according to                       
                                                 // the last increment                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row_inc                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 ++                                     $row                                     ; --                                     $col                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 ++                                     $col                                     ; --                                     $row                                     ;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Update the indexes of                       
                                                 // row and col variable                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row                                     == 0 ||                       
                                                 $col                                     ==                                     $m                                     - 1)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $col                                     ==                                     $m                                     - 1)                       
                                                 ++                                     $row                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++                                     $col                                     ;                       
           
                                                 $row_inc                                     = true;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 else                                     if                                     (                                     $col                                     == 0 ||                       
                                                 $row                                     ==                                     $n                                     - 1)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     $row                                     ==                                     $n                                     - 1)                       
                                                 ++                                     $col                                     ;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 ++                                     $row                                     ;                       
           
                                                 $row_inc                                     = false;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver code                       
                         $matrix                                     =                                     array                                     (                                     array                                     (1, 2, 3),                       
                                                 array                                     (4, 5, 6),                       
                                                 array                                     (7, 8, 9));                       
                                   
                         zigZagMatrix(                                     $matrix                                     , 3, 3);                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by                       
                         // Manish Shaw(manishshaw1)                       
                         ?>                       

输出：

1 2 4 7 5 3 6 8 9

时间复杂性： O（n*m） 辅助空间： O（1）

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