在以候选人名字代表选票的选举中找到获胜者-yiteyi-C++库

在选举中给出一系列候选人的名字。数组中的候选人名称代表投票给该候选人。打印获得最多选票的候选人的姓名。如果有领带，打印一个按字典顺序较小的名字。

null

例如：

Input :  votes[] = {"john", "johnny", "jackie",                     "johnny", "john", "jackie",                     "jamie", "jamie", "john",                    "johnny", "jamie", "johnny",                     "john"};Output : JohnWe have four Candidates with name as 'John', 'Johnny', 'jamie', 'jackie'. The candidatesJohn and Johny get maximum votes. Since Johnis alphabetically smaller, we print it.

建议：请在“上解决” 实践 “首先，在讨论解决方案之前。

A. 简单解决方案 就是运行两个循环并计算每个单词的出现次数。这个解决方案的时间复杂度是O（n*n*MAX\u WORD\u LEN）。

一 有效解决方案 就是使用散列 .我们将所有选票插入哈希映射，并记录不同姓名的计数。最后，我们遍历地图并打印出拥有最多选票的人。

C++

                         // C++++ program to find winner in an election.                       
                         #include "bits/stdc++.h"                       
                         using                                     namespace                                     std;                       
           
                                                 /* We have four Candidates with name as 'John',                       
                                                 'Johnny', 'jamie', 'jackie'.                       
                                                 The votes in String array are as per the                       
                                                 votes casted. Print the name of candidates                       
                                                 received Max vote. */                       
                                                 void                                     findWinner(vector<string>& votes)                       
                                                 {                       
                                   
                                                 // Insert all votes in a hashmap                       
                                                 unordered_map<string,                                     int                                     > mapObj ;                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     auto                                     & str : votes)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 mapObj[str]++;                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // Traverse through map to find the candidate                       
                                                 // with maximum votes.                       
                                                 int                                     maxValueInMap = 0;                       
                                                 string winner;                       
                                                 for                                     (                                     auto                                     & entry : mapObj)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 string key  = entry.first;                       
                                                 int                                     val = entry.second;                       
                                                 if                                     (val > maxValueInMap)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 maxValueInMap = val;                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // If there is a tie, pick lexicographically                       
                                                 // smaller.                       
                                                 else                                     if                                     (val == maxValueInMap &&                       
                                                 winner>key)                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 cout << winner << endl;                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 int                                     main()                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 vector<string> votes = {                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "jamie"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                       
                                                 "john"                                     };                       
                                   
                                                 findWinner(votes);                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                                                 }                       
                                   

JAVA

                         // Java program to find winner in an election.                       
                         import                                     java.util.*;                       
           
                         public                                     class                                     ElectoralVotingBallot                       
                         {                       
                                                 /* We have four Candidates with name as 'John',                       
                                                 'Johnny', 'jamie', 'jackie'.                       
                                                 The votes in String array are as per the                       
                                                 votes casted. Print the name of candidates                       
                                                 received Max vote. */                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     findWinner(String votes[])                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 // Insert all votes in a hashmap                       
                                                 Map<String,Integer> map =                       
                                                 new                                     HashMap<String, Integer>();                       
                                                 for                                     (String str : votes)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (map.keySet().contains(str))                       
                                                 map.put(str, map.get(str) +                                     1                                     );                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 map.put(str,                                     1                                     );                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Traverse through map to find the candidate                       
                                                 // with maximum votes.                       
                                                 int                                     maxValueInMap =                                     0                                     ;                       
                                                 String winner =                                     ""                                     ;                       
                                                 for                                     (Map.Entry<String,Integer> entry : map.entrySet())                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 String key  = entry.getKey();                       
                                                 Integer val = entry.getValue();                       
                                                 if                                     (val > maxValueInMap)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 maxValueInMap = val;                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // If there is a tie, pick lexicographically                       
                                                 // smaller.                       
                                                 else                                     if                                     (val == maxValueInMap &&                       
                                                 winner.compareTo(key) >                                     0                                     )                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 System.out.println(winner);                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     main(String[] args)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 String[] votes = {                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "jamie"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                       
                                                 "john"                                     };                       
           
                                                 findWinner(votes);                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       

Python3

                         # Python3 program to find winner in an election.                       
                         from                                     collections                                     import                                     defaultdict                       
           
                         ''' We have four Candidates with name as 'John',                       
                         'Johnny', 'jamie', 'jackie'.                       
                         The votes in String array are as per the                       
                         votes casted. Print the name of candidates                       
                         received Max vote. '''                       
                         def                                     findWinner(votes):                       
           
                                                 # Insert all votes in a hashmap                       
                                                 mapObj                                     =                                     defaultdict(                                     int                                     )                       
                                   
                                                 for                                     st                                     in                                     votes:                       
                                                 mapObj[st]                                     +                                     =                                     1                       
           
                                                 # Traverse through map to find the                       
                                                 # candidate with maximum votes.                       
                                                 maxValueInMap                                     =                                     0                       
                                                 winner                                     =                                     ""                       
                                   
                                                 for                                     entry                                     in                                     mapObj:                       
                                                 key                                     =                                     entry                       
                                                 val                                     =                                     mapObj[entry]                       
                                   
                                                 if                                     (val > maxValueInMap):                       
                                                 maxValueInMap                                     =                                     val                       
                                                 winner                                     =                                     key                       
           
                                                 # If there is a tie, pick lexicographically                       
                                                 # smaller.                       
                                                 elif                                     (val                                     =                                     =                                     maxValueInMap                                     and                       
                                                 winner > key):                       
                                                 winner                                     =                                     key                       
           
                                                 print                                     (winner)                       
           
                         # Driver code                       
                         if                                     __name__                                     =                                     =                                     "__main__"                                     :                       
           
                                                 votes                                     =                                     [                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "jamie"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                       
                                                 "john"                                     ]                       
           
                                                 findWinner(votes)                       
           
                         # This code is contributed by ukasp                       

C#

                         // C# program to find winner in an election.                       
                         using                                     System;                       
                         using                                     System.Collections.Generic;                       
           
                         public                                     class                                     ElectoralVotingBallot                       
                         {                       
                                                 /* We have four Candidates with name as 'John',                       
                                                 'Johnny', 'jamie', 'jackie'.                       
                                                 The votes in String array are as per the                       
                                                 votes casted. Print the name of candidates                       
                                                 received Max vote. */                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     findWinner(String []votes)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 // Insert all votes in a hashmap                       
                                                 Dictionary<String,                                     int                                     > map =                       
                                                 new                                     Dictionary<String,                                     int                                     >();                       
                                                 foreach                                     (String str                                     in                                     votes)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (map.ContainsKey(str))                       
                                                 map[str] = map[str] + 1;                       
                                                 else                       
                                                 map.Add(str, 1);                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Traverse through map to find the candidate                       
                                                 // with maximum votes.                       
                                                 int                                     maxValueInMap = 0;                       
                                                 String winner =                                     ""                                     ;                       
                                                 foreach                                     (KeyValuePair<String,                                     int                                     > entry                                     in                                     map)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 String key = entry.Key;                       
                                                 int                                     val = entry.Value;                       
                                                 if                                     (val > maxValueInMap)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 maxValueInMap = val;                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // If there is a tie, pick lexicographically                       
                                                 // smaller.                       
                                                 else                                     if                                     (val == maxValueInMap &&                       
                                                 winner.CompareTo(key) > 0)                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 Console.WriteLine(winner);                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     Main(String[] args)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 String[] votes = {                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "jamie"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                       
                                                 "john"                                     };                       
                                   
                                                 findWinner(votes);                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992                       

Javascript

                         <script>                       
                         // Javascript program to find winner in an election.                       
                                   
                                                 /* We have four Candidates with name as 'John',                       
                                                 'Johnny', 'jamie', 'jackie'.                       
                                                 The votes in String array are as per the                       
                                                 votes casted. Print the name of candidates                       
                                                 received Max vote. */                       
                                                 function                                     findWinner(votes)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 let map =                                     new                                     Map();                       
                                                 for                                     (let i=0;i<votes.length;i++)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     (map.has(votes[i]))                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 map.set(votes[i], map.get(votes[i]) + 1);                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 else                       
                                                 map.set(votes[i], 1);                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // Traverse through map to find the candidate                       
                                                 // with maximum votes.                       
                                                 let maxValueInMap = 0;                       
                                                 let winner =                                     ""                                     ;                       
                                                 for                                     (let [key, value] of map.entries())                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 let Key  = key;                       
                                                 let val = value;                       
                                                 if                                     (val > maxValueInMap)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 maxValueInMap = val;                       
                                                 winner = key;                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // If there is a tie, pick lexicographically                       
                                                 // smaller.                       
                                                 else                                     if                                     (val == maxValueInMap &&                       
                                                 winner>Key)                       
                                                 winner = Key;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 document.write(winner);                       
                                   
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 let votes=[                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                                     "jackie"                                     ,                       
                                                 "jamie"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "john"                                     ,                       
                                                 "johnny"                                     ,                                     "jamie"                                     ,                                     "johnny"                                     ,                       
                                                 "john"                                     ];                       
                                                 findWinner(votes);                       
                                                 // This code is contributed by rag2127                       
                         </script>                       

输出：

John

另一个有效的解决方案是使用崔 .请参考字符串数组中最常用的单词 . 本文由 伊什法克·拉姆赞·纳古 .如果你喜欢GeekSforgek，并想贡献自己的力量，你也可以使用写极客。组织或者把你的文章寄去评论-team@geeksforgeeks.org.看到你的文章出现在Geeksforgeks主页上，并帮助其他极客。如果您发现任何不正确的地方，或者您想分享有关上述主题的更多信息，请写下评论。

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