成员函数 分配() 用于赋值,它为字符串赋值,替换其当前内容。 语法1: 指定string str的值。
null
string& string::assign (const string& str)str : is the string to be assigned.Returns : *this
CPP
// CPP code for assign (const string& str) #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Function to demonstrate assign void assignDemo(string str1, string str2) { // Assigns str2 to str1 str1.assign(str2); cout << "After assign() : " ; cout << str1; } // Driver code int main() { string str1( "Hello World!" ); string str2( "GeeksforGeeks" ); cout << "Original String : " << str1 << endl; assignDemo(str1, str2); return 0; } |
输出:
Original String : Hello World!After assign() : GeeksforGeeks
语法2: 最多分配以索引str_idx开头的str_num个字符。如果str_idx>str.size(),则抛出_的范围。
string& string::assign (const string& str, size_type str_idx, size_type str_num)str : is the string to be assigned.str_idx : is the index number in str.str_num : is the number of characters picked from str_idx to assignReturn : *this
CPP
// CPP code to illustrate // assign(const string& str, size_type // str_idx, size_type str_num) #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Function to demonstrate assign void assignDemo(string str1, string str2) { // Assigns 8 characters from // 5th index of str2 to str1 str1.assign(str2, 5, 8); cout << "After assign() : " ; cout << str1; } // Driver code int main() { string str1( "Hello World!" ); string str2( "GeeksforGeeks" ); cout << "Original String : " << str1 << endl; assignDemo(str1, str2); return 0; } |
输出:
Original String : Hello World!After assign() : forGeeks
语法3: 分配C字符串cstr的字符。如果结果大小超过最大字符数,则抛出长度_错误。
string & string::assign (const char* cstr)Assigns all characters of cstr up to but not including ' '.Returns : *this.Note : that cstr may not be a null pointer (NULL).
CPP
// CPP code for assign (const char* cstr) #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Function to demonstrate assign void assignDemo(string str) { // Assigns GeeksforGeeks to str str.assign( "GeeksforGeeks" ); cout << "After assign() : " ; cout << str; } // Driver code int main() { string str( "Hello World!" ); cout << "Original String : " << str << endl; assignDemo(str); return 0; } |
输出:
Original String : Hello World!After assign() : GeeksforGeeks
语法4: 指定字符数组字符中的字符。如果结果大小超过最大字符数,则抛出长度_错误。
string& string::assign (const char* chars, size_type chars_len)*chars : is the pointer to the array to be assigned.chars_len : is the number of characters to be assigned from character array.Note : that chars must have at least chars_len characters.Returns : *this.
CPP
// CPP code to illustrate // string& string::assign // (const char* chars, size_type chars_len) #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Function to demonstrate assign void assignDemo(string str) { // Assigns first 5 characters of // GeeksforGeeks to str str.assign( "GeeksforGeeks" , 5); cout << "After assign() : " ; cout << str; } // Driver code int main() { string str( "Hello World!" ); cout << "Original String : " << str << endl; assignDemo(str); return 0; } |
输出:
Original String : Hello World!After assign() : Geeks
语法5: 分配字符c的出现次数num。如果num等于string::npos,则抛出长度_错误
string & string::assign (size_type num, char c)num : is the number of occurrences to be assigned.c : is the character which is to be assigned repeatedly. Throws length_error if the resulting size exceeds the maximum number(max_size) of characters.Returns : *this.
CPP
// CPP code for string& // string::assign (size_type num, char c) #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Function to demonstrate assign void assignDemo(string str) { // Assigns 10 occurrences of 'x' // to str str.assign(10, 'x' ); cout << "After assign() : " ; cout << str; } // Driver code int main() { string str( "#########" ); cout << "Original String : " << str << endl; assignDemo(str); return 0; } |
输出:
Original String : #########After assign() : xxxxxxxxxx
语法6: 指定[beg,end]范围内的所有字符。它抛出 长度误差 如果范围超出字符串的实际内容。
template <class InputIterator> string& assign (InputIterator first, InputIterator last)first, last : Input iterators to the initial and final positions in a sequence.Returns : *this.
CPP
// CPP code for string& // string::assign (size_type num, char c) #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Function to demonstrate assign void assignDemo(string str) { string str1; // Assigns all characters between // str.begin()+6 and str.end()-0 to str1 str1.assign(str.begin()+6, str.end()-0); cout << "After assign() : " ; cout << str1; } // Driver code int main() { string str( "Hello World!" ); cout << "Original String : " << str << endl; assignDemo(str); return 0; } |
输出:
Original String : Hello World!After assign() : World!
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