三个不带比较运算符的整数中最小的一个-yiteyi-C++库

编写一个程序，在不使用任何比较运算符的情况下，找出三个整数中最小的一个。设3个输入数字为x、y和z。 方法1（重复减法） 取一个计数器变量c，并用0初始化它。在循环中，重复将x、y和z减去1，然后增加c。先变为0的数字是最小的。循环终止后，c将保持最小值3。

null

C++

                         // C++ program to find Smallest                       
                         // of three integers without                       
                         // comparison operators                       
                         #include <bits/stdc++.h>                       
                         using                                     namespace                                     std;                       
                         int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     c = 0;                       
                                                 while                                     (x && y && z) {                       
                                                 x--;                       
                                                 y--;                       
                                                 z--;                       
                                                 c++;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 return                                     c;                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver Code                       
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                                                 cout <<                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                       
                                                 << smallest(x, y, z);                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed                       
                         // by Akanksha Rai                       

C

                         // C program to find Smallest                       
                         // of three integers without                       
                         // comparison operators                       
                         #include <stdio.h>                       
           
                         int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     c = 0;                       
                                                 while                                     (x && y && z) {                       
                                                 x--;                       
                                                 y--;                       
                                                 z--;                       
                                                 c++;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 return                                     c;                       
                         }                       
           
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                                                 printf                                     (                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is %d"                                     , smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       

JAVA

                         // Java program to find Smallest                       
                         // of three integers without                       
                         // comparison operators                       
                         class                                     GFG {                       
           
                                                 static                                     int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     c =                                     0                                     ;                       
           
                                                 while                                     (x !=                                     0                                     && y !=                                     0                                     && z !=                                     0                                     ) {                       
                                                 x--;                       
                                                 y--;                       
                                                 z--;                       
                                                 c++;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 return                                     c;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     main(String[] args)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     x =                                     12                                     , y =                                     15                                     , z =                                     5                                     ;                       
           
                                                 System.out.printf(                                     "Minimum of 3"                       
                                                 +                                     " numbers is %d"                                     ,                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by  Smitha Dinesh Semwal.                       

Python3

                         # Python3 program to find Smallest                       
                         # of three integers without                       
                         # comparison operators                       
           
                         def                                     smallest(x, y, z):                       
                                                 c                                     =                                     0                       
                                   
                                                 while                                     ( x                                     and                                     y                                     and                                     z ):                       
                                                 x                                     =                                     x                                     -                                     1                       
                                                 y                                     =                                     y                                     -                                     1                       
                                                 z                                     =                                     z                                     -                                     1                       
                                                 c                                     =                                     c                                     +                                     1                       
           
                                                 return                                     c                       
           
                         # Driver Code                       
                         x                                     =                                     12                       
                         y                                     =                                     15                       
                         z                                     =                                     5                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is"                                     ,                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z))                       
           
                         # This code is contributed by Anshika Goyal                       

C#

                         // C# program to find Smallest of three                       
                         // integers without comparison operators                       
                         using                                     System;                       
           
                         class                                     GFG {                       
                                                 static                                     int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     c = 0;                       
           
                                                 while                                     (x != 0 && y != 0 && z != 0) {                       
                                                 x--;                       
                                                 y--;                       
                                                 z--;                       
                                                 c++;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 return                                     c;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver Code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     Main()                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
           
                                                 Console.Write(                                     "Minimum of 3"                       
                                                 +                                     " numbers is "                                     + smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by Sam007                       

PHP

                         <?php                       
                         // php program to find Smallest                       
                         // of three integers without                       
                         // comparison operators                       
                         function                                     smallest(                                     $x                                     ,                                     $y                                     ,                                     $z                                     )                       
                         {                       
                                                 $c                                     = 0;                       
                                                 while                                     (                                     $x                                     &&                                     $y                                     &&                                     $z                                     )                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 $x                                     --;                                     $y                                     --;                                     $z                                     --;                                     $c                                     ++;                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 return                                     $c                                     ;                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver code                       
                         $x                                     = 12;                       
                         $y                                     = 15;                       
                         $z                                     = 5;                       
                         echo                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     .                       
                                                 smallest(                                     $x                                     ,                                     $y                                     ,                                     $z                                     );                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by Sam007                       
                         ?>                       

Javascript

                         <script>                       
           
                         // JavaScript program to find Smallest                       
                         // of three integers without                       
                         // comparison operators                       
           
                         function                                     smallest(x, y, z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 let c = 0;                       
                                                 while                                     (x && y && z) {                       
                                                 x--;                       
                                                 y--;                       
                                                 z--;                       
                                                 c++;                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 return                                     c;                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver Code                       
           
                         let x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                         document.write(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                       
                                                 + smallest(x, y, z));                       
           
           
                         // This code is contributed by Surbhi Tyagi.                       
           
                         </script>                       

输出：

Minimum of 3 numbers is 5

时间复杂性： O（最小（x，y，z））

辅助空间： O（1）

这种方法不适用于负数。方法2也适用于负数。 方法2（使用位运算） 使用方法2 这篇文章至少要找到两个数字（我们不能使用方法1，因为方法1使用比较运算符）。一旦我们有了查找最少2个数字的功能，我们就可以使用它来查找最少3个数字。

C++

                         // C++ implementation of above approach                       
                         #include <bits/stdc++.h>                       
                         using                                     namespace                                     std;                       
                         #define CHAR_BIT 8                       
           
                         /*Function to find minimum of x and y*/                       
                         int                                     min(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     y + ((x - y) & ((x - y) >> (                                     sizeof                                     (                                     int                                     ) * CHAR_BIT - 1)));                       
                         }                       
           
                         /* Function to find minimum of 3 numbers x, y and z*/                       
                         int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     min(x, min(y, z));                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver code                       
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                                                 cout <<                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     << smallest(x, y, z);                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by Code_Mech.                       

C

                         // C implementation of above approach                       
                         #include <stdio.h>                       
                         #define CHAR_BIT 8                       
           
                         /*Function to find minimum of x and y*/                       
                         int                                     min(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     y + ((x - y) & ((x - y) >> (                                     sizeof                                     (                                     int                                     ) * CHAR_BIT - 1)));                       
                         }                       
           
                         /* Function to find minimum of 3 numbers x, y and z*/                       
                         int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     min(x, min(y, z));                       
                         }                       
           
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                                                 printf                                     (                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is %d"                                     , smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       

JAVA

                         // Java implementation of above approach                       
                         class                                     GFG                       
                         {                       
                                   
                         static                                     int                                     CHAR_BIT =                                     8                                     ;                       
           
                         // Function to find minimum of x and y                       
                         static                                     int                                     min(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     y + ((x - y) & ((x - y) >>                       
                                                 ((Integer.SIZE/                                     8                                     ) * CHAR_BIT -                                     1                                     )));                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Function to find minimum of 3 numbers x, y and z                       
                         static                                     int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     Math.min(x, Math.min(y, z));                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver code                       
                         public                                     static                                     void                                     main (String[] args)                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x =                                     12                                     , y =                                     15                                     , z =                                     5                                     ;                       
                                                 System.out.println(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     +                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z));                       
                         }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by mits                       

Python3

                         # Python3 implementation of above approach                       
                         CHAR_BIT                                     =                                     8                       
           
                         # Function to find minimum of x and y                       
                         def                                     min                                     (x, y):                       
                                                 return                                     y                                     +                                     ((x                                     -                                     y) &                       
                                                 ((x                                     -                                     y) >> (                                     32                                     *                                     CHAR_BIT                                     -                                     1                                     )))                       
           
                         # Function to find minimum                       
                         # of 3 numbers x, y and z                       
                         def                                     smallest(x, y, z):                       
                                                 return                                     min                                     (x,                                     min                                     (y, z))                       
           
                         # Driver code                       
                         x                                     =                                     12                       
                         y                                     =                                     15                       
                         z                                     =                                     5                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     ,                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z))                       
           
                         # This code is contributed                       
                         # by Mohit Kumar                       

C#

                         // C# implementation of above approach                       
                         using                                     System;                       
           
                         class                                     GFG                       
                         {                       
                                   
                         static                                     int                                     CHAR_BIT=8;                       
           
                         /*Function to find minimum of x and y*/                       
                         static                                     int                                     min(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     y + ((x - y) & ((x - y) >> (                                     sizeof                                     (                                     int                                     ) * CHAR_BIT - 1)));                       
                         }                       
           
                         /* Function to find minimum of 3 numbers x, y and z*/                       
                         static                                     int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 return                                     Math.Min(x, Math.Min(y, z));                       
                         }                       
           
                         // Driver code                       
                         static                                     void                                     Main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                                                 Console.WriteLine(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     +smallest(x, y, z));                       
                         }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code is contributed by mits                       

Javascript

                         <script>                       
                                   
                                                 let CHAR_BIT = 8;                       
                                                 // Function to find minimum of x and y                       
                                                 function                                     min(x,y)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 return                                     y + ((x - y) & ((x - y) >> (32 * CHAR_BIT - 1)))                       
                                                 }                       
                                                 // Function to find minimum of 3 numbers x, y and z                       
                                                 function                                     smallest(x,y,z)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 return                                     Math.min(x, Math.min(y, z));                       
                                                 }                       
                                   
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 let  x = 12, y = 15, z = 5;                       
                                   
                                                 document.write(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     +                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                   
                                                 // This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155                       
                                   
                         </script>                       

输出：

Minimum of 3 numbers is 5

方法3（使用除法运算符） 我们也可以用除法算符来求两个数中的最小值。如果（a/b）的值为零，则b大于a，否则a大于。幸亏戈皮纳特和维涅什感谢你提出这种方法。

C++

                         // C++ implementation of above approach                       
                         #include <bits/stdc++.h>                       
                         using                                     namespace                                     std;                       
           
                         // Using division operator to find                       
                         // minimum of three numbers                       
                         int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 if                                     (!(y / x))                                     // Same as "if (y < x)"                       
                                                 return                                     (!(y / z)) ? y : z;                       
                                                 return                                     (!(x / z)) ? x : z;                       
                         }                       
           
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 78, y = 88, z = 68;                       
                                                 cout <<                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     << smallest(x, y, z);                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       
                         // this code is contributed by shivanisinghss2110                       

C

                         #include <stdio.h>                       
           
                         // Using division operator to find                       
                         // minimum of three numbers                       
                         int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 if                                     (!(y / x))                                     // Same as "if (y < x)"                       
                                                 return                                     (!(y / z)) ? y : z;                       
                                                 return                                     (!(x / z)) ? x : z;                       
                         }                       
           
                         int                                     main()                       
                         {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 78, y = 88, z = 68;                       
                                                 printf                                     (                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is %d"                                     , smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 return                                     0;                       
                         }                       

JAVA

                         // Java program of above approach                       
                         class                                     GfG {                       
           
                                                 // Using division operator to                       
                                                 // find minimum of three numbers                       
                                                 static                                     int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     ((y / x) !=                                     1                                     )                                     // Same as "if (y < x)"                       
                                                 return                                     ((y / z) !=                                     1                                     ) ? y : z;                       
                                                 return                                     ((x / z) !=                                     1                                     ) ? x : z;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     main(String[] args)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     x =                                     78                                     , y =                                     88                                     , z =                                     68                                     ;                       
                                                 System.out.printf(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers"                       
                                                 +                                     " is %d"                                     ,                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
           
                         // This code has been contributed by 29AjayKumar                       

Python3

                         # Using division operator to find                       
                         # minimum of three numbers                       
                         def                                     smallest(x, y, z):                       
           
                                                 if                                     (                                     not                                     (y                                     /                                     x)):                                     # Same as "if (y < x)"                       
                                                 return                                     y                                     if                                     (                                     not                                     (y                                     /                                     z))                                     else                                     z                       
                                                 return                                     x                                     if                                     (                                     not                                     (x                                     /                                     z))                                     else                                     z                       
           
                         # Driver Code                       
                         if                                     __name__                                     =                                     =                                     "__main__"                                     :                       
           
                                                 x                                     =                                     78                       
                                                 y                                     =                                     88                       
                                                 z                                     =                                     68                       
                                                 print                                     (                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is"                                     ,                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z))                       
           
                         # This code is contributed                       
                         # by ChitraNayal                       

C#

                         // C# program of above approach                       
                         using                                     System;                       
                         public                                     class                                     GfG {                       
           
                                                 // Using division operator to                       
                                                 // find minimum of three numbers                       
                                                 static                                     int                                     smallest(                                     int                                     x,                                     int                                     y,                                     int                                     z)                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 if                                     ((y / x) != 1)                                     // Same as "if (y < x)"                       
                                                 return                                     ((y / z) != 1) ? y : z;                       
                                                 return                                     ((x / z) != 1) ? x : z;                       
                                                 }                       
           
                                                 // Driver code                       
                                                 public                                     static                                     void                                     Main()                       
                                                 {                       
                                                 int                                     x = 78, y = 88, z = 68;                       
                                                 Console.Write(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers"                       
                                                 +                                     " is {0}"                                     ,                       
                                                 smallest(x, y, z));                       
                                                 }                       
                         }                       
                         /* This code contributed by PrinciRaj1992 */                       

Javascript

                         <script>                       
           
                         // Javascript implementation of above approach                       
           
                         // Using division operator to find                       
                         // minimum of three numbers                       
                         function                                     smallest(x, y, z)                       
                         {                       
                                                 if                                     (!(y / x))                                     // Same as "if (y < x)"                       
                                                 return                                     (!(y / z)) ? y : z;                       
                                                 return                                     (!(x / z)) ? x : z;                       
                         }                       
           
           
                                                 let x = 78, y = 88, z = 68;                       
                                                 document.write(                                     "Minimum of 3 numbers is "                                     + smallest(x, y, z));                       
           
                         // This is code is contributed by Mayank Tyagi                       
           
                         </script>                       

输出：

Minimum of 3 numbers is 68

如果您发现上述代码/算法不正确，请写下评论，或者寻找其他方法来解决相同的问题。

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