在C语言中，文件的数据类型是什么？-yiteyi-C++库

先决条件： 文件处理的基础知识在C语言中，当文件处理完成时，使用word文件。什么是文件？实例

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FILE *fp1, *fp2;

在进行文件处理时，我们经常使用file来声明指针，以指向我们要读取或写入的文件。当我们声明类型FILE的指针时，我们可以说它是数据类型，但是什么样的数据类型呢？文件是一种结构类型，typedef as FILE。它被认为是 不透明数据类型 因为它的实现是隐藏的。我们不知道类型是由什么组成的，我们只使用指向类型的指针，库知道类型的内部，并且可以使用数据。

文件的定义在stdio中，尽管它是特定于系统的。

以下是ubuntu中文件的定义

struct _IO_FILE {
  int _flags;       /* High-order word is _IO_MAGIC; rest is flags. */
#define _IO_file_flags _flags

  /* The following pointers correspond to the C++ streambuf protocol. */
  /* Note:  Tk uses the _IO_read_ptr and _IO_read_end fields directly. */
  char* _IO_read_ptr;   /* Current read pointer */
  char* _IO_read_end;   /* End of get area. */
  char* _IO_read_base;  /* Start of putback+get area. */
  char* _IO_write_base; /* Start of put area. */
  char* _IO_write_ptr;  /* Current put pointer. */
  char* _IO_write_end;  /* End of put area. */
  char* _IO_buf_base;   /* Start of reserve area. */
  char* _IO_buf_end;    /* End of reserve area. */
  /* The following fields are used to support backing up and undo. */
  char *_IO_save_base; /* Pointer to start of non-current get area. */
  char *_IO_backup_base;  /* Pointer to first valid character of backup area */
  char *_IO_save_end; /* Pointer to end of non-current get area. */

  struct _IO_marker *_markers;

  struct _IO_FILE *_chain;

  int _fileno;
#if 0
  int _blksize;
#else
  int _flags2;
#endif
  _IO_off_t _old_offset; /* This used to be _offset but it's too small.  */

#define __HAVE_COLUMN /* temporary */
  /* 1+column number of pbase(); 0 is unknown. */
  unsigned short _cur_column;
  signed char _vtable_offset;
  char _shortbuf[1];

  /*  char* _save_gptr;  char* _save_egptr; */

  _IO_lock_t *_lock;
#ifdef _IO_USE_OLD_IO_FILE
};

struct _IO_FILE_complete
{
  struct _IO_FILE _file;
#endif
#if defined _G_IO_IO_FILE_VERSION && _G_IO_IO_FILE_VERSION == 0x20001
  _IO_off64_t _offset;
# if defined _LIBC || defined _GLIBCPP_USE_WCHAR_T
  /* Wide character stream stuff.  */
  struct _IO_codecvt *_codecvt;
  struct _IO_wide_data *_wide_data;
  struct _IO_FILE *_freeres_list;
  void *_freeres_buf;
  size_t _freeres_size;
# else
  void *__pad1;
  void *__pad2;
  void *__pad3;
  void *__pad4;
  size_t __pad5;
# endif
  int _mode;
  /* Make sure we don't get into trouble again.  */
  char _unused2[15 * sizeof (int) - 4 * sizeof (void *) - sizeof (size_t)];
#endif
};

以C程序为例来说明文件的使用

                     // Program beased on FILE handling.                   
                     #include<stdio.h>                   
                     int                               main()                   
                     {                   
                             
                                         // declaring pointer of FILE type                   
                                         FILE                               *fp1, *fp2;                   
                                         char                               c;                   
                             
                                         // pointing fp1 to a file geeky.txt                   
                                         // to read from it.                   
                                         fp1 =                               fopen                               (                               "geeky.txt"                               ,                               "r"                               );                   
                             
                                         // pointing fp2 to a file outgeeky.txt                   
                                         // to write to it.                   
                                         fp2 =                               fopen                               (                               "outgeeky.txt"                               ,                               "w"                               );                   
                             
                                         // reading a character from file.                   
                                         fscanf                               (fp1,                               "%c"                               , &c);                   
                             
                                         // writing a character to file.                   
                                         fprintf                               (fp2,                               "%c"                               , c);                   
                             
                                         return                               0;                   
                     }                   

注：文件应位于程序所在的同一目录中，或指定文件路径。

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