Python中的randrange（）-yiteyi-C++库

生成一个随机数一直是一个重要的应用，在日常生活中有很多用途。Python提供了一个函数，可以从指定的范围生成随机数，还允许包含步骤，称为 randrange（） 在里面 随机的 单元本文将详细讨论这个函数。

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Syntax : random.randrange(start(opt),stop,step(opt))Parameters :start(opt) :  Number consideration for generation starts from this,default value is 0. This parameter is optional.stop : Numbers less than this are generated. This parameter is mandatory.step(opt) : Step point of range, this won't be included. This is optional.Default value is 1.Return Value : This function generated the numbers in the sequence start-stop skipping step.Exceptions :Raises ValueError if stop <= start and number is non- integral.

Python3

                         # Python code to demonstrate the working of                       
                         # randrange()                       
           
                         import                                     random                       
           
                         # Using randrange() to generate numbers from 0-100                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Random number from 0-100 is : "                                     ,end                                     =                                     "")                       
                         print                                     (random.randrange(                                     100                                     ))                       
           
                         # Using randrange() to generate numbers from 50-100                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Random number from 50-100 is : "                                     ,end                                     =                                     "")                       
                         print                                     (random.randrange(                                     50                                     ,                                     100                                     ))                       
           
                         # Using randrange() to generate numbers from 50-100                       
                         # skipping 5                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Random number from 50-100 skip 5 is : "                                     ,end                                     =                                     "")                       
                         print                                     (random.randrange(                                     50                                     ,                                     100                                     ,                                     5                                     ))                       

输出：

Random number from 0-100 is : 26Random number from 50-100 is : 58Random number from 50-100 skip 5 is : 90

例外情况

1.值错误–浮点值

Python3

                         # Python code to demonstrate the Exception of                       
                         # randrange(), ValueError, Float value                       
           
                         import                                     random                       
           
                         # Using randrange() to generate numbers from 14.5-100                       
                         # Raises Exception                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Random number from 14.5-100 is : "                                     ,end                                     =                                     "")                       
                         print                                     (random.randrange(                                     14.5                                     ,                                     100                                     ))                       

输出：

Random number from 14.5-100 is :

运行时错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):  File "/home/5e40f42505a6926d0c75a09bec1279d9.py", line 9, in     print (random.randrange(14.5,100))  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/random.py", line 182, in randrange    raise ValueError("non-integer arg 1 for randrange()")ValueError: non-integer arg 1 for randrange()

2. 值错误–开始>=停止

Python3

                         # Python code to demonstrate the Exception of                       
                         # randrange(), ValueError, start >= start                       
           
                         import                                     random                       
           
                         # Using randrange() to generate numbers from 500-100                       
                         # Raises Exception                       
                         print                                     (                                     "Random number from 500-100 is : "                                     ,end                                     =                                     "")                       
                         print                                     (random.randrange(                                     500                                     ,                                     100                                     ))                       

输出：

Random number from 500-100 is :

运行时错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):  File "/home/ea327cf3f1dd801a66a185d101c5cb13.py", line 9, in     print (random.randrange(500,100))  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/random.py", line 196, in randrange    raise ValueError("empty range for randrange() (%d,%d, %d)" % (istart, istop, width))ValueError: empty range for randrange() (500,100, -400)

实际应用

生成随机数一直以来都是一个重要的应用，并被用于 许多赌场游戏，许多儿童游戏的赌博 比如ludo等等，它使用骰子的概念。 下面的代码描述了一个关于谁先赢得100场比赛的简短游戏。每位玩家可以掷1-10个数字的骰子，也就是说，每回合可以获得1-10个数字。 .

Python3

                         # Python code to demonstrate the Application of                       
                         # randrange()                       
           
                         import                                     random                       
           
                         sum                                     =                                     0                       
                         sum1                                     =                                     0                       
                         count                                     =                                     0                       
                         flag                                     =                                     0                       
           
                         while                                     (                                     1                                     ):                       
                                   
                                                 # generate random number at each turn 1-10                       
                                                 r1                                     =                                     random.randrange(                                     1                                     ,                                     10                                     )                       
                                                 r2                                     =                                     random.randrange(                                     1                                     ,                                     10                                     )                       
                                   
                                                 # adding to account of players                       
                                                 sum                                     =                                     sum                                     +                                     r1                       
                                                 sum1                                     =                                     sum1                                     +                                     r2                       
                                                 count                                     =                                     count                                     +                                     1                       
                                   
                                                 print                                     (                                     "Total score of Player 1 after turn %d is :  %d "                                     %                                     (count,                                     sum                                     ))                       
                                   
                                                 # break when player 1 reaches 100                       
                                                 if                                     (                                     sum                                     >                                     =                                     100                                     ):                       
                                                 flag                                     =                                     1                       
                                                 break                       
                                                 print                                     (                                     "Total score of Player 2 after turn %d is :  %d"                                     %                                     (count,sum1))                       
                                   
                                                 # break when player 2 reaches 100                       
                                                 if                                     (sum1>                                     =                                     100                                     ):                       
                                                 flag                                     =                                     2                       
                                                 break                       
           
                         if                                     (flag                                     =                                     =                                     1                                     ):                       
                                                 print                                     (                                     "Player 1 wins the game"                                     )                       
                         else                                     :                       
                                                 print                                     (                                     "Player 2 wins the game"                                     )                       

输出

Total score of Player 1 after turn 1 is :  8 Total score of Player 2 after turn 1 is :  4Total score of Player 1 after turn 2 is :  13 Total score of Player 2 after turn 2 is :  8Total score of Player 1 after turn 3 is :  22 Total score of Player 2 after turn 3 is :  16Total score of Player 1 after turn 4 is :  28 Total score of Player 2 after turn 4 is :  22Total score of Player 1 after turn 5 is :  33 Total score of Player 2 after turn 5 is :  27Total score of Player 1 after turn 6 is :  35 Total score of Player 2 after turn 6 is :  33Total score of Player 1 after turn 7 is :  36 Total score of Player 2 after turn 7 is :  42Total score of Player 1 after turn 8 is :  38 Total score of Player 2 after turn 8 is :  50Total score of Player 1 after turn 9 is :  45 Total score of Player 2 after turn 9 is :  55Total score of Player 1 after turn 10 is :  48 Total score of Player 2 after turn 10 is :  61Total score of Player 1 after turn 11 is :  54 Total score of Player 2 after turn 11 is :  64Total score of Player 1 after turn 12 is :  57 Total score of Player 2 after turn 12 is :  70Total score of Player 1 after turn 13 is :  66 Total score of Player 2 after turn 13 is :  73Total score of Player 1 after turn 14 is :  72 Total score of Player 2 after turn 14 is :  75Total score of Player 1 after turn 15 is :  79 Total score of Player 2 after turn 15 is :  76Total score of Player 1 after turn 16 is :  81 Total score of Player 2 after turn 16 is :  77Total score of Player 1 after turn 17 is :  89 Total score of Player 2 after turn 17 is :  81Total score of Player 1 after turn 18 is :  95 Total score of Player 2 after turn 18 is :  90Total score of Player 1 after turn 19 is :  97 Total score of Player 2 after turn 19 is :  99Total score of Player 1 after turn 20 is :  102 Player 1 wins the game

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