C++ 2集合中的前向列表（操作函数）-yiteyi-C++库

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本文将讨论更多函数

除插入和删除外，可在转发列表中使用的一些操作如下：

1. 合并（） ：-此函数用于将一个转发列表与另一个转发列表合并。如果两个列表都已排序，则返回的结果列表也将被排序。

2. 运算符“=” ：-此操作员将一个转发列表复制到另一个转发列表。这种情况下的复制是深度复制。

                     // C++ code to demonstrate the working of                   
                     // merge() and operator=                   
                     #include<iostream>                   
                     #include<forward_list>                   
                     using                               namespace                               std;                   
                             
                     int                               main()                   
                     {                   
                                         // Initializing 1st forward list                   
                                         forward_list<                               int                               > flist1 = {1, 2, 3};                   
                             
                                         // Declaring 2nd forward list                   
                                         forward_list<                               int                               > flist2;                   
                             
                                         // Creating deep copy using "="                   
                                         flist2 = flist1;                   
                             
                                         // Displaying flist2                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of 2nd forward list"                   
                                         " after copy are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist2)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         // Using merge() to merge both list in 1                   
                                         flist1.merge(flist2);                   
                             
                                         // Displaying merged forward list                   
                                         // Prints sorted list                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of forward list "                   
                                         "after merge are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         return                               0;                   
                     }                   

输出：

The contents of 2nd forward list after copy are : 1 2 3 
The contents of forward list after merge are : 1 1 2 2 3 3

3. 排序（） ：-此函数用于对转发列表进行排序。

4. 独特的 ：-此函数删除数字的多次出现，并返回具有唯一元素的转发列表。应该对转发列表进行排序，才能成功执行此函数。

                     // C++ code to demonstrate the working of                   
                     // sort() and unique()                   
                     #include<iostream>                   
                     #include<forward_list> // for sort() and unique()                   
                     using                               namespace                               std;                   
                             
                     int                               main()                   
                     {                   
                                         // Initializing 1st forward list                   
                                         forward_list<                               int                               > flist1 = {1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 1};                   
                             
                                         // Sorting the forward list using sort()                   
                                         flist1.sort();                   
                             
                                         // Displaying sorted forward list                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of forward list after "                   
                                         "sorting are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         // Use of unique() to remove repeated occurrences                   
                                         flist1.unique();                   
                             
                                         // Displaying forward list after using unique()                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of forward list after "                   
                                         "unique operation are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         return                               0;                   
                     }                   

输出：

The contents of forward list after sorting are : 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 
The contents of forward list after unique operation are : 1 2 3

5. 反向 ：-此功能用于反转转发列表。

6. 互换 ：-此函数将一个转发列表的内容与另一个交换。

                     // C++ code to demonstrate the working of                   
                     // reverse() and swap()                   
                     #include<iostream>                   
                     #include<forward_list> // for reverse() and swap()                   
                     using                               namespace                               std;                   
                     int                               main()                   
                     {                   
                                         // Initializing 1st forward list                   
                                         forward_list<                               int                               > flist1 = {1, 2, 3,};                   
                             
                                         // Initializing 2nd forward list                   
                                         forward_list<                               int                               > flist2 = {4, 5, 6};                   
                             
                                         // Using reverse() to reverse 1st forward list                   
                                         flist1.reverse();                   
                             
                                         // Displaying reversed forward list                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of forward list after"                   
                                         " reversing are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl << endl;                   
                             
                                         // Displaying forward list before swapping                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of 1st forward list "                   
                                         "before swapping are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of 2nd forward list "                   
                                         "before swapping are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist2)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         // Use of swap() to swap the list                   
                                         flist1.swap(flist2);                   
                             
                                         // Displaying forward list after swapping                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of 1st forward list "                   
                                         "after swapping are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of 2nd forward list "                   
                                         "after swapping are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist2)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         return                               0;                   
                     }                   

输出：

The contents of forward list after reversing are : 3 2 1 

The contents of 1st forward list before swapping are : 3 2 1 
The contents of 2nd forward list before swapping are : 4 5 6 
The contents of 1st forward list after swapping are : 4 5 6 
The contents of 2nd forward list after swapping are : 3 2 1

7. 清除（） ：-此函数用于清除转发列表的内容。完成此功能后，转发列表变为空。

8. 空的（） ：-如果列表为空，则此函数返回true，否则返回false。

                     // C++ code to demonstrate the working of                   
                     // clear() and empty()                   
                     #include<iostream>                   
                     #include<forward_list> // for clear() and empty()                   
                     using                               namespace                               std;                   
                     int                               main()                   
                     {                   
                                         // Initializing  forward list                   
                                         forward_list<                               int                               > flist1 = {1, 2, 3,};                   
                             
                                         // Displaying forward list before clearing                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of forward list  are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         // Using clear() to clear the forward list                   
                                         flist1.clear();                   
                             
                                         // Displaying list after clear() performed                   
                                         cout <<                               "The contents of forward list after "                   
                                         <<                               "clearing are : "                               ;                   
                                         for                               (                               int                               &x : flist1)                   
                                         cout << x <<                               " "                               ;                   
                                         cout << endl;                   
                             
                                         // Checking if list is empty                   
                                         flist1.empty() ? cout <<                               "Forward list is empty"                               :                   
                                         cout <<                               "Forward list is not empty"                               ;                   
                             
                                         return                               0;                   
                     }                   

输出：

The contents of forward list  are : 1 2 3 
The contents of forward list after clearing are : 
Forward list is empty

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